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Technical Indicators of Quantity Adjustable Optical Attenuator
Working frequency band
The working frequency band of the quantitatively adjustable optical attenuator is that the attenuator can reach the target value only when the attenuator is used in a given frequency range. Because the structure of RF/microwave digital attenuator is related to frequency, components of different frequency bands have different structures and can not be used. The attenuator of modern coaxial structure has a wide working frequency band, which should be paid attention to in design or use.
Decrement
Regardless of the mechanism and structure of power attenuation, the attenuator can always be described by two-port network.
The power at the input end of the signal is P1, while the output power is P2. The power attenuation of the quantitatively adjustable optical attenuator is A (dB). If P1 and P2 are expressed in decibel milliwatt (dBm), the power relationship between the two sides is P2 (dBm) = P1 (dBm) - A (dB).
It can be seen that the attenuation describes the degree to which the power decreases when it passes through the attenuator. The magnitude of attenuation is determined by the material and structure of the attenuator. The attenuation is measured in decibels, which is convenient for calculating the whole machine index.
Power capacity
Quantitative adjustable optical attenuator is an energy consuming element, which turns into heat after power consumption. It is conceivable that the power capacity of the attenuator is determined after the material structure is determined. If the power of the attenuator exceeds this limit, the attenuator will be burned down. In design and use, power capacity must be defined.
Return loss
Echo loss is the standing wave ratio of a variable number of optical attenuators. It is required that the standing wave ratio of input and output on both sides of the attenuator should be as small as possible. We hope that the attenuator is a power consuming element, which can not affect the two sides of the circuit, that is to say, it matches the two sides of the circuit. This factor should be taken into account when designing attenuators.
Power factor
When the input power is converted from 10 mW to rated power, the conversion coefficient of attenuation is expressed as dB/(dB*W). The specific algorithm for converting the attenuation value is to multiply the coefficient by the total attenuation power (W). Such as: a power capacity of 50W, the nominal attenuation of 40dB attenuator power coefficient is 0.001dB/(dB*W), which means that when the input power is added from 10mW to 50W, its attenuation will change to 0.001*40*50=2dB!